http://www.rhci-online.net/radiogram/radiogram.htm

RSID: <<2019-05-17T13:01Z MFSK-32 @ 15770000+1500>>


Welcome to program 100 of Shortwave Radiogram.

I'm Kim Andrew Elliott in Arlington, Virginia USA.

Here is the lineup for today's program, in MFSK modes as noted:

  1:39 MFSK32: Program preview (now)
  2:46 A way to return flavor to bland tomatoes*
  8:31 MFSK64: CO2 levels highest in human history*
12:02 Carbon nanotube ultra-capacitors*
16:39 This week's images*
27:16 MFSK32: Closing announcements*

* with image(s)


Please send reception reports to radiogram@verizon.net

And visit http://swradiogram.net

Twitter: @SWRadiogram


 

This is program number 100 of Shortwave Radiogram.

Binary: 1100100

Roman numeral: C

Let the celebration begin!

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OK, enough celebrating. On with the show ...

 

From Deutsche Welle:

Finally! A way to return flavor to bland tomatoes

Scientists have discovered a rare gene that could help
"make tomatoes great again"... or at least taste less bland.

Clare Roth
14 May 2019

When one starts typing the phrase "Tomatoes taste like…", in
Google, the six most common auto-complete suggestions are
"blood," "dirt," "fish," "pumpkin," "chlorine" and "wet dog."

If you, too, have ever lamented tasting wet dog (or, uh, blood)
as you've bitten into a store-bought tomato-and-cheese sandwich
for lunch, you may be in luck.

On Monday, scientists introduced a rare version of a gene that
promises to make store-bought tomatoes taste more edible in a
report published in Nature Genetics.

Tomato breeders usually sacrifice the flavor of their batches for
the sake of production, opting to instead breed larger fruits in
higher quantities with longer shelf lives.

A team of researchers (perhaps after hearing such "wet dog" and
"dirt" complaints) gathered genetic information from 725 wild
tomatoes and constructed a "pan-genome," or a genome with
information from all 725 tomatoes.

They compared the pan-genome with the genome of a domesticated
tomato named "Heinz 1706," which has functioned as the base
tomato genome until now. Through the comparison, they discovered
that only 2 percent of the domesticated tomatoes sold in stores
(like Heinz) contain a flavorful gene present in 90 percent of
wild tomatoes.

The gene uses carotenoids — or the pigments that give vegetables
like tomatoes, carrots and corn their distinctive colors — to
give tomatoes their tangy flavor.

Taste aside, it also allows breeders to develop tomatoes with a
genetic resistance to diseases currently addressed through
pesticides and other cost-intensive and environmentally
unfriendly measures, the study's co-leader James Giovannoni said.

Giovanni hopes to see more breeders including the tasty gene in
their future tomato rearing processes, he said.

"How many times do you hear someone say that tomatoes from the
store just don't quite measure up to heirloom varieties?"
Clifford Weil, program director of the National Science
Foundation's Plant Genome Research Program that supported the
work, asked.

"This study gets to why that might be the case and shows that
better tasting tomatoes appear to be on their way back."

https://www.dw.com/en/finally-a-way-to-return-flavor-to-bland-tomatoes/a-48732899

See also:
https://newatlas.com/tomato-pan-genome-tasty-genes/59682/


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Shortwave Radiogram now changes to MFSK64 ...



 

RSID: <<2019-05-17T13:08Z MFSK-64 @ 15770000+1500>>


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From Deutsche Welle:

Carbon dioxide levels highest in human history

Atmospheric levels of planet-warming carbon dioxide have hit
a record high of more than 415 parts per million. The
accelerated rise of man-made greenhouse gas emissions has
scientists alarmed.

14 May 2019

The concentration of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere has
reached a record high, according to scientists at the Scripps
Institution of Oceanography in the US.

The Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii recorded a carbon dioxide
level of 415.39 parts per million (ppm) on Saturday, marking the
first time a reading of the greenhouse gas has measured over 415
ppm.

The last time there was more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere was
more than 3 million years ago, when global average temperatures
were 3 or 4 degrees Celsius (5.4-7.2 degrees Fahrenheit) higher
than today, the oceans were several meters higher and parts of
Antarctica supported forests.

The data has been recorded as part of the Keeling Curve, which
started measurements in Mauna Loa in 1958. Since then, carbon
dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere have risen 30%.

Prior to the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, carbon
dioxide levels fluctuated but never exceeded 300 ppm at any one
time over the past 800,000 years. Carbon dioxide levels in the
atmosphere broke 400 ppm for the first time in human history in
2013.

Despite global commitments to reduce greenhouse gases under the
2015 Paris climate accord, the rate of heat trapping gases
entering the atmosphere is accelerating. The last four years are
the four hottest on record.

Ralph Keeling, director of Scripps Institution of Oceanography's
CO2 Program, said the trend would probably continue throughout
2019 with the possibility of an El Nino year in which
temperatures rise due to warmer ocean currents.

"The average growth rate is remaining on the high end. The
increase from last year will probably be around three parts per
million whereas the recent average has been 2.5 ppm," he said.
"Likely we're seeing the effect of mild El Nino conditions on top
of ongoing fossil fuel use."

"Every year it goes up like this we should be saying 'No, this
shouldn't be happening. It's not normal.' This increase is just
not sustainable in terms of energy use and in terms of what we
are doing to the planet," he said.

Under current emission trajectories, carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere could reach 1,000 ppm over the next century, according
to the Scripps Institution.

https://www.dw.com/en/carbon-dioxide-levels-highest-in-human-history/a-48726280

See also:
https://newatlas.com/atmomspheric-carbon-dioxide-human-existence/59650/



Image: The Keeling Curve, showing concentrations of CO2 from 1700
(about 270 ppm) to 2018 (above 400 ppm). It's based on ice-core
data before 1958, Mauna Loa data after 1958. From
drkeelingscurve.com ...

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From New Atlas:

Nawa's carbon nanotube ultra-capacitors are going into mass
production

Loz Blain
15 May 2019

Charging almost instantly and offering massive power density,
Nawa's innovative ultracapacitors are ready to make a mark across
industries from automotive to power tools and aviation. And after
raising more than US$10 million, this French company is going
into mass production.

Nawa's ultracapacitors offer an interesting alternative (or
augmentation) to lithium battery systems. When it comes to fast
charging or discharging, there's simply no contest – they can
pick up or pump out power at rates that absolutely demolish
lithium cells, meaning that charging is next to instantaneous –
we're talking sub-20 seconds for a full charge – and they're
unparalleled for quick bursts of huge power.

Their energy density isn't great compared to batteries, storing
maybe a quarter of the power lithium units can for a given
volume, but compared to other ultracapacitors their carbon
nanotube structure crams up to five times more energy in. They're
useless for longer-term storage, leaking somewhere between 10-20
percent of their energy per day, but on the other hand, they last
up to a million cycles and are exceptionally durable across a
range of temperatures and environments that might test the limits
of standard batteries, such as space, high-temp drilling or
undersea.

We've covered the technology before, including an interview with
Nawa's CEO and COO last year. And now, the company has announced
that it's raised the capital and laid down the roadmap to get
these things into mass production within the next 12 months.

Thanks to €9 million (US$10 million) worth of funding raised from
both new and existing investors, Nawa will be putting an
ultracapacitor production line into its facility in
Aix-en-Provence, France, which will go into action by the end of
the year and is expected to ramp up to a capacity of 100,000
cells per month. The company says the global ultracapacitor
market is sitting at around €500 million (US$560 million) right
now, but is projected to grow between 400-600 percent in the next
five years.

Nawa will first target the manufacturing segment, where
ultracapacitor-powered hand tools and automatic guided vehicles
for warehouses could more or less eliminate charging downtime and
offer decades of usage with no power or energy fade. There also
seem to be some IoT applications ready to roll.

But we're looking forward to seeing what these things can do in
transport. Supercapacitor buses are already on the road, but
these compact ultracapacitors could lead to some interesting
hybrid energy storage systems in which lithium batteries provide
long-term and long-range energy at moderate power draws, but with
ultracapacitors delivering massive power and acceleration when
needed, while also capturing more energy out of regenerative
braking.

Source: Nawa Technologies

https://newatlas.com/nawa-nanotube-ultracapacitor-production/59684/

 

Image: A Nawa Technologies supercapacitor ...

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This is Shortwave Radiogram in MFSK64

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This week's images ...
 

A still life image of tomato soup. From on.natgeo.com/2W6Hjjc ...

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These strikingly bright beets called Erfurt longs are the
descendants of some of the earliest beets that were white and
which have been farmed since the 8th century B.C. From
bit.ly/2LPbVSr ...

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An aerial photo shows containers stacked at a port in Qingdao,
China. From bit.ly/2Yy1eFf ...

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The velvety black areas on this peacock spider reflect less than
0.5 percent of light, making the vivid colors on the spider's
abdomens look so bright. From bit.ly/2W9FD8F ...


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An aurora reflected on Lake Superior during a geomagnetic storm
on 14 May. From bit.ly/2VEj9x8 ...

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A pink convertible is upended in this collision 9 May in
Washington DC. From bit.ly/2VGStvT ...

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Instead of the usual painting of the week, the 100th broadcast of
Shortwave Radiogram is commemorated using Blackadder ITC font and
primary colors, with thanks for your support ...

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Shortwave Radiogram returns to MFSK32 ...



 

RSID: <<2019-05-17T13:27Z MFSK-32 @ 15770000+1500>>


This is Shortwave Radiogram in MFSK32 ...


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Twitter: @SWRadiogram or twitter.com/swradiogram

I'm Kim Elliott. Please join us for the next Shortwave
Radiogram.


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RSID: <<2019-05-16T02:20Z MFSK-64 @ 9395000+1500>>

This Is A Music Show #013
16 May 2019 0130-0230UTC

9395 kHz via WRMI, Okeechobee USA

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PLAYLIST
 

Link of note:

None this week!

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--YOUR HOST--


EOM



 

RSID: <<2019-05-16T02:22Z MFSK-64 @ 9395000+1500>>

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