RSID: <<2021-02-19T00:31Z MFSK-32 @ 9265000+1500>>

Welcome to program 192 of Shortwave Radiogram.

I'm Kim Andrew Elliott in Arlington, Virginia USA.

Here is the lineup for today's program, in MFSK modes as noted:

  1:42 MFSK32: Program preview (now)
  2:47 Lead-based anode for lithium batteries doubles storage
  6:45 MFSK64: Cambodia to Create Internet Firewall
11:47 Khmer-language text
13:59 This week's images
28:35 MFSK32: Closing announcements


Please send reception reports to radiogram@verizon.net

And visit http://swradiogram.net

Twitter: @SWRadiogram

 

From New Atlas:

Lead-based anode for lithium batteries doubles energy storage
capacity

Nick Lavars
February 16, 2021

When it comes to expanding the capabilities of today's
lithium-ion batteries, all kinds of alternative materials are on
the table, from salt, to silicon, to microwaved plastics. Owing
to its abundance, low cost and familiarity in battery systems,
lead is one option with plenty of appeal, and scientists have
just demonstrated how the material can form the basis of a new
lithium battery anode that offers far greater storage capacity.

As one of the two electrodes in a lithium battery, the anode is
loaded up with lithium ions during charging and releases them
during discharge. Graphite is the material of choice for lithium
battery anodes today, and serves them well, remaining stable
across thousands of charging cycles. But where scientists would
like to see some improvement is in their storage capacity, and
for a team at Argonne National Laboratory, there is plenty of
potential in lead.

Because it is widely used in lead-acid batteries, the oldest type
of rechargeable batteries, there are well-established supply
chains for lead, as well as systems in place to recycle the
material at the end of its life. This, combined with the its
low-cost and availability led the team to experiment with a
lead-based anode for use in a lithium ion battery, with some
promising early results.

The team started with large lead-oxide particles, which were
combined with a carbon powder and shaken for several hours. This
sees them converted into smaller, microscopic particles embedded
in a carbon matrix, all encapsulated in a thin lead-oxide shell.

This new anode material was put to the test in battery cells in
the lab, where it offered twice the energy storage capacity of
conventional graphite anodes over 100 charging cycles, and proved
perfectly stable throughout. The team was able to boost its
performance further by adding fluoroethylene carbonate to the
electrolyte solution, which carries the battery's electrical
charge.

"Our discovery challenges the current understanding of this type
of electrode material," says Christopher Johnson, the principal
investigator of the project. ​"Our findings also provide exciting
implications for designing low-cost, high-performance anode
materials for transportation and stationary energy storage, such
as backup power for the electric grid."

The research was published in the journal Advanced Functional
Materials.

https://newatlas.com/energy/lead-based-anode-lithium-batteries-double-capacity/

Shortwave Radiogram changes to MFSK64 ...



RSID: <<2021-02-19T00:36Z MFSK-64 @ 9265000+1500>>


This is Shortwave Radiogram in MFSK64

Please send your reception report to radiogram@verizon.net
 

From VOA Khmer:

Cambodia to Create Internet Firewall with Potential to Block
Traffic, Store Data

Sun Narin
17 February 2021

PHNOM PENH, CAMBODIA — The Cambodian government issued a
directive to establish a National Internet Gateway that would
control online traffic, despite rights groups criticizing the
move they say will give the government wide-ranging powers to
control internet access.

The sub-decree titled the "Establishment of the National Internet
Gateway (NIG)" is drafted by the Ministry of Post and
Telecommunications and signed by Prime Minister Hun Sen on
February 16, according to Ek Tha, a spokesperson at the office of
the Council of Ministers. The sub-decree builds on provisions
already present in the Law on Telecommunications.

The sub-decree was posted on the Council of Ministers Facebook
page and is similar to a draft leaked in September. The directive
establishes a National Internet Gateway (NIG) that will control
all internet operations in the country.

The government will issue NIG licenses to operators, though there
is no detail or clarity over who can apply to be a NIG operator,
and, thereby, have unfettered access to the country's internet
infrastructure.

The NIG operator will work to enhance "national revenue
collection", to "protect national security" and to assure "social
order," to protect "culture and national tradition", terms often
used in other vaguely defined legislation.

"NIG is established to facilitate and manage domestic and
international internet connections," according to Article 4 of
the sub-decree.

The sub-decree states that internet operators have to work in
coordination with the Telecom Ministry, Telecommunication
Regulator of Cambodia, and other relevant authorities.

This operator will store and provide routine status reports – as
frequent as weekly updates – to the government and telecom
regulators while having the broadly defined power to "take action
in blocking and disconnecting all network connections that affect
safety national revenue social order, dignity culture,
traditions, and customs."

A few new additions to the document include an appeals system if
an "individual" is unhappy with an order issued under the
sub-decree and penalties for NIG operators found to violate their
responsibilities, which could result in the operators losing
their license.

The new sub-decree comes as the Myanmar military had consistently
blocked internet access after taking control of the country
during a coup in early February. India has also blocked internet
access to thwart farmer-led protests outside the capital of New
Delhi, apart from having frequent and long-term disruptions in
the centrally administered region of Jammu and Kashmir.

Cambodia has not been shied to use sophisticated, and
rudimentary, surveillance techniques against detractors of the
government and even blocked websites before the last election.

In a May 2018 government notice, the Ministries of
Telecommunications, Information, and Interior formed a working
group to monitor the accuracy of news on online media platforms
and social media, with each ministry tasked with different roles
in the online monitoring mechanism.

The government also instructed internet service providers to
block 17 websites days before the 2018 national election because
they were likely to "obstruct the election." Ministries and
provincial officials have also been asked to monitor the content
posted by citizens, including in private messaging groups.

Recent trials against former Cambodia National Rescue Party
officials and supporters have revealed the use of private phone
conversations and messages to charge individuals for a slew of
crimes.

Cambodia has seen an exponential increase in internet usage,
especially the use of social media services like Facebook. A lot
of this usage is done via mobile phones, with 10 million
Cambodians, around 65 percent of the population, having access to
mobile data services.

Rights groups say these actions do not bode well for how the
government may use the new NIG directive, raising concerns that
it could be used to target specific individuals or groups in the
country.

Minister of Post and Telecommunications Chea Vandeth rejected any
concerns raised by civil society groups over the government's
intentions with the new directive. He said the operators would
only control the traffic but not have access to data.

"They [NGOs] just speak vaguely. They don't know about this," he
said on Wednesday.

"It is like cars on the National Roads. We don't know what kinds
of cars are on the roads. We just control the traffic to ensure
that it is not jammed."

Ith Sothoeuth, a media director at the Cambodian Center for
Independent Media, said the sub-decree will legally allow the
government to "completely control" what content can be accessed
on the internet, especially factual and critical news published
by independent news outlets.

"The government can filter or block any news that they are
unhappy with," he said.

"I believe it is another risk for the media since the government
can completely control what is viewed on the internet," he added.

Ngeth Moses, an independent cybersecurity consultant, said that
while the establishment of an internet gateway can help with user
data management, internet service management, and national
security, there are concerns over what the government will do
with the data.

"I am concerned about the storage of internet users' data
traffic. When will it be removed? I don't see any period
limitation [in the sub-decree]," he said.

Phil Robertson, deputy director of the Asia division of Human
Rights Watch, said Cambodia's adoption of the National Internet
Gateway was not good news for Cambodians, but also bad for
businesses.

"In a single act, the government has made rights-abusing
censorship and control of the internet far more likely and
guaranteed increased damage to the many companies and
entrepreneurs, both large and small, who rely on a fast and
uninterrupted internet to do their business," he said in an email
to VOA Khmer.

https://www.voacambodia.com/a/cambodia-to-create-internet-firewall-with-potential-to-block-traffic-store-data-/5781656.html

See also:
https://www.rfa.org/english/news/cambodia/internet-02172021174741.html
https://techxplore.com/news/2021-02-cambodia-china-style-internet-firewall.html


 

Next, an excerpt from the same VOA Khmer story in its original
Khmer language.

If the Khmer characters appear as rectangles, copy the rectangles
from Fldigi to a word processor, and the correct characters might
appear ...
 

មាត្រា​១​នៃ​អនុក្រឹត្យ​នេះ​ចែង​ថា​ឯកសារ​ផ្លូវ​ច្បាប់​នេះ​ធ្វើ​ឡើង​ក្នុងគោល​បំណង​ស
ម្រួល​និង​គ្រប់គ្រង​ការ​តភ្ជាប់​បណ្តាញ​អ៊ិនធឺណិត ដើម្បី​ពង្រឹង​ប្រសិទ្ធភា
ព និង​ស័ក្តិសិទ្ធិភាព​នៃ​ការ​កៀរ​គរ​ចំណូល​ជាតិ ការ​ការពារ​សន្តិសុខ​ជាតិ និង​ក
ារ​ថែរក្សា​របៀប​រៀប​រយ​សណ្តាប់​ធ្នាប់​សង្គម។ អនុក្រឹត្យ​នេះ​មាន​វិសាលភាព​អនុវ
ត្ត​ចំពោះ​រាល់​ប្រតិបត្តិការ​ហេដ្ឋារចនា​សម្ព័ន្ធ និង​បណ្តាញ
និង​ប្រតិបត្តិការ​សេវា​អ៊ិនធឺណិត​នៅ​កម្ពុជា។

Full text:
https://khmer.voanews.com/a/cambodia-passes-controversial-internet-gateway/5781630.html




This is Shortwave Radiogram in MFSK64

Please send your reception report to radiogram@verizon.net

 

This week's images ...

The central peak of Tycho Crater, as seen by the Lunar
Reconnaissance Orbiter. This spacecraft, 11 years into its
mission, has received a software update. https://bit.ly/3qwIPY7
...

Sending Pic:304x150;
 

A worker cleans the seats at Sardar Patel Gujarat Stadium, where
India and England played their third test match, in Ahmedabad,
India. https://bit.ly/3k7kR35 ...

Sending Pic:209x115C;
 

The architectural monument "Alter Flecken" with 80 half-timbered
houses in the old town of Freudenberg, Germany, February 13.
https://bit.ly/3qyiysm ...

Sending Pic:197x179C;






A boy rides on a slide at a mall in Beijing, on February 10.
https://bit.ly/2NAAS5q ...

Sending Pic:169x197C;





A man walks along Lake Michigan as the sun rises in Chicago,
Illinois, on February 7. https://bit.ly/2NAAS5q ...

Sending Pic:204x111C;
 

Lights on the Gilbert Scott Building at the University of Glasgow
on a snowy day. https://bbc.in/3s4CZgH ...

Sending Pic:144x200C;






Sunrise at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, February 17.
https://bit.ly/2Zr4Xar

Sending Pic:202x167C;

An icy tree in Hollywood, Maryland, February 13.
https://bit.ly/2Zu1isc ...

Sending Pic:294x217;

We close with "Pit Stop" by SlacSatu, from a BBC feature
showcasing Singapore’s arts. https://bbc.in/2NHppAX ...

Sending Pic:199x110C;

Shortwave Radiogram returns to MFSK32 ...



 

RSID: <<2021-02-19T00:58Z MFSK-32 @ 9265000+1500>>
 

This is Shortwave Radiogram in MFSK32 ...

 

Shortwave Radiogram is transmitted by:

WRMI, Radio Miami International, wrmi.net

and

WINB Shortwave, winb.com


Please send reception reports to radiogram@verizon.net

And visit http://swradiogram.net

Twitter: @SWRadiogram or twitter.com/swradiogram

I'm Kim Elliott. Please join us for the next Shortwave
Radiogram.

RSID: <<2021-02-18T02:50Z MFSK-64 @ 5850000+1500>>