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RSID: <<2023-07-20T23:31Z MFSK-32 @ 9265000+1500>>


Welcome to program 314 of Shortwave Radiogram.

I'm Kim Andrew Elliott in Arlington, Virginia USA.

Here is the lineup for today's program, in MFSK modes as noted:

  1:39 MFSK32: Program preview (now)
  2:47 MFSK32: Milestone in energy capacity of supercapacitors
  6:39 MFSK64: Espresso might be helpful against Alzheimer's*
11:58 MFSK64: This week's images*
28:41 MFSK32: Closing announcements

* with image(s)


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From TechXplore.com:

Researchers achieve milestone in energy capacity of
supercapacitors

by University of Texas at El Paso
July 18, 2023

In a new landmark chemistry study, researchers describe how they
have achieved the highest level of energy storage—also known as
capacitance—in a supercapacitor ever recorded.

The study, led by Luis Echegoyen, Ph.D., professor emeritus at
The University of Texas at El Paso, and Marta Plonska-Brzezinska,
Ph.D., of the Medical University of Bialystok, Poland, was
recently featured in the journal Scientific Reports.

Supercapacitors are devices that store electrical energy between
two metal plates that are close together but separated by a
surface that cannot conduct electricity. Supercapacitors are
similar to batteries, except that batteries store and retrieve
energy using chemical transformations, while capacitors store
energy by using oppositely charged surfaces. They are frequently
used in machines that require rapid discharge of energy, like
electric cars, buses, trains and cranes.

"This is a big step forward and gets us closer to achieving
supercapacitors with high energy density, which would radically
change how we store and manage energy," said Echegoyen, a
longtime faculty member within UTEP's Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry.

"I'm very proud to be part of the team that reached this
milestone."

Supercapacitors have high potential because they can charge much
faster than batteries -- within seconds to fractions of a second,
according to Echegoyen. However, current supercapacitors can only
store a low amount of energy, which limits their range of
potential applications. If supercapacitors could be designed to
store more energy, they would be physically lighter and charge
much faster than batteries, which would have a significant
commercial impact, according to scientists.

The new supercapacitor designed by Echegoyen and
Plonska-Brzezinska achieved a record level of storage, or
capacitance, using a material with a carbon "nano-onion" core
structure, which creates multiple pores that allow storage of a
greater volume of energy.

"I'm very happy to see this innovative research get the attention
it deserves," said Robert Kirken, Ph.D., dean of the UTEP College
of Science. "This is further proof of the academic and research
excellence by faculty here at UTEP."

https://techxplore.com/news/2023-07-milestone-energy-capacity-supercapacitors.html

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From New Atlas:

Espresso delivers smackdown to Alzheimer's proteins in lab tests

By Michael Franco
July 19, 2023

A nice strong cup of espresso is great for clearing the cobwebs
out of the brain first thing in the morning. It might also be
good for clearing Alzheimer's-causing protein tangles away too if
lab tests hold up in further research.

When it comes to unraveling the mechanisms by which Alzheimer's
disease operates, researchers have homed in on two problematic
proteins: tau and beta-amyloid. These compounds, when they
malfunction, are responsible for causing plaques and tangles in
the brain that impair its function and lead to the cognitive
decline associated with Alzheimer's.

In trying to combat the disease, we've seen a lot of research go
into keeping tau and beta-amyloid from building up in the brain,
with mixed success. After a failed test of a drug in 2022 that
was meant to improve Alzheimer's symptoms by reducing amyloid in
the brain for example, a more recent Phase 3 clinical trial on a
different drug has shown promise.

In terms of better understanding tau's role in the disease,
researchers have known that the substance, which normally helps
nutrient-delivering microtubules to keep their shape, can
sometimes get folded into shapes that cause it to clump and form
tangles.

Punching holes

Building on previous research, in 2021, researchers from China
and Australia figured out that tau tangles act like seeds that
can spread to other neurons by commandeering a cell component
known as the lysosome to break through the walls of the cell
membranes in which they are encapsulated in structures known as
exosomes.

"In people with Alzheimer’s disease, it seems the … exosomes
trigger a reaction which punches holes in the wall of their own
cell membrane and allows the toxic seeds to escape," said Jürgen
Götz, lead author of that study. "These leaks create a damaging
seeding process that causes tau tangles and ultimately lead to
memory loss and other impairments."

Despite findings that have linked our gut bacteria to tau buildup
and tests that have been able to identify tau through blood tests
and spinal fluid analysis, a definitive way to eliminate the
tangles associated with Alzheimer's disease has remained elusive.

Make mine a double

Now researchers at the University of Verona in Italy may have
uncovered a way forward on this front – and it might be as simple
as a shot of espresso.

In a study conducted by the Italian team, both a complete
espresso extract as well as various compounds isolated from the
drink including caffeine, trigonelline, genistein, and
theobromine were tested to see how they interact with tau protein
tangles known as fibrils. It was found that caffeine and
genistein, an antioxidant known as a flavonoid, prevented tau
protein clumps known as fibrils from forming long strands. This,
in turn, prevented them from weaving themselves into the larger
sheets that disrupt brain function. It also rendered the fibrils
non-toxic and took away their ability to act as seeds and spread
to other cells.

Caffeine was further shown to bind to existing fibrils which, the
researchers say, could open the door to further investigation of
using the compound either as a therapeutic or a potential test
for the presence of tau.

While caffeine and genistein had the ability to keep the fibrils
short, the full espresso extract had the biggest impact on tau.
Because many of the compounds in coffee can cross the blood-brain
barrier, the researchers believe that simply drinking espresso
might convey some of the same benefits seen in the study.

"Based on the bioavailability of coffee components in the brain,
and on the results of our study, we expect that moderate coffee
consumption may provide a sufficient amount of bioactive
molecules to act separately or synergistically as modulators of
tau protein aggregation and toxicity," write the researchers. Of
course, further research will be needed to see if the tests,
which were conducted both on the isolated compounds and on live
cells in lab dishes, will carry over to studies in animals and
humans.

The study has been published in the Journal of Agricultural and
Food Chemistry.

Source: American Chemical Society via EurekAlert

https://newatlas.com/health-wellbeing/espresso-alzheimers-proteins/
 

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This week's images ...


A butterfly rests on a flower in the Sarikamis district of Kars,
Turkey, July 8. https://tinyurl.com/2mzvktb7 ...

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A dragonfly sits on a lotus flower at Kenilworth Park and Aquatic
Gardens in Washington DC. The flowers tend to close as the sun
grows more intense and the temperature rises.
https://tinyurl.com/2mvftvaw ...

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A vendor selling lights at a local market in Chennai, India.
https://tinyurl.com/2mew4z2e ...

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A late June sunset through cellular relay antennas in the Adams
Morgan neighborhood of Washington DC.
https://tinyurl.com/2njkh2cd ...

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Every year on the hottest day, Jon Rice dons a Darth Vader
costume and runs one mile in Death Valley ("Darth Valley"),
California. During his run on July 16, it was 128°F / 53°C.
https://tinyurl.com/2hl5ap9j ...

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The Beachland Ballroom in Cleveland. https://tinyurl.com/2otpdpsq
...

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The view from the passenger-side window on L Street NW in a rainy
Washington DC, July 14. https://tinyurl.com/2qxjmbsx ...

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A ladybird (ladybug) patrolling petunias in Glasgow.
https://tinyurl.com/2gkrr4zq ...

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Our painting of the week is "Jardin au soleil" (2001) by Claude
Simard (Canada). https://tinyurl.com/2jx38f9k ...

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Shortwave Radiogram returns to MFSK32 ...



 

RSID: <<2023-07-20T23:58Z MFSK-32 @ 9265000+1500>>