https://github.com/GyanD/codexffmpeg/releases/tag/2023-03-05-git-912ac82a3c

RSID: <<2024-10-10T23:31Z MFSK-32 @ 9265000+1500>>
 

Welcome to program 374 of Shortwave Radiogram.

I'm Kim Andrew Elliott in Arlington, Virginia USA.

Here is the lineup for today's program, in MFSK modes as noted:

  1:48 MFSK32: Program preview (now)
  2:53 MFSK32: Small turbines can capture wasted energy
  6:50 MFSK64: Desalination system runs with sun's rhythms
13:32 MFSK64: This week's images
27:31 MFSK32: Closing announcements


Please send reception reports to radiogram@verizon.net

And visit http://swradiogram.net

We're on X/Twitter now: @SWRadiogram



 

From TechXplore:

Small turbines can capture wasted energy and generate electricity
from man-made wind sources

by Bob Yirka
October 9, 2024

A pair of electrical engineers at Distance University of Madrid,
working with a colleague from Mision Critica-Data Center, ZFB
Technology Services, in Colombia, has developed a methodology for
generating electricity from man-made wind sources using small
turbines.

In their paper published in the journal Scientific Reports,
Isabel Gil-García, Ana Fernández-Guillamón, and Álvaro
Montes-Torres describe their methodology and outline how they
used it to generate electricity from wasted wind generated by
chilling machines at a data center in Colombia.

Prior research has suggested that there are many ways to capture
some of the wind energy that is wasted by many technologies. Air
moving across a ship or train, for example, or wind created by
fans used on HVAC cooling systems. In this new study, the
research team has developed a general methodology for capturing
some of the energy typically lost by such technologies.

The new methodology starts with identifying a possible man-made
resource, such as a ship, truck, train, or fan used for general
cooling. The second step involves investigating how much of the
resource is being wasted. In the case of wind applications, an
anemometer can be used to test wind speeds, which can be used to
determine the amount of wind being generated, and how much of it
is available for use.

The next step is to estimate the amount of electrical energy that
can likely be harvested from such a resource to ensure that it is
worth the effort. The final step is selecting the technology that
can be used to capture the wasted wind -- typically a turbine. Once
a plan is in place, an initial test can be conducted.

To demonstrate their methodology, the research team identified a
possible source as wind emanating from cooling devices used to
keep computers used in a data center in Colombia from
overheating. The site featured three chillers, each with eight
fans. The fans operated at 480 V and ran at 900 rpm.

The researchers chose to use Tesup V7 wind turbines to capture
the wasted wind because of their small and lightweight features.
They mounted six of them above the fans and were able to produce
513.82 MWh annually. After deducting the energy consumed by the
fans, the researchers found that adding the turbines reduced net
electricity by 467.6 MWh annually.

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-small-turbines-capture-energy-generate.html
 

Shortwave Radiogram now changes to MFSK64 ...


 

RSID: <<2024-10-10T23:36Z MFSK-64 @ 9265000+1500>>


This is Shortwave Radiogram in MFSK64

Please send your reception report to radiogram@verizon.net
 

From MIT News:

Solar-powered desalination system requires no extra batteries

Because it doesn't need expensive energy storage for times
without sunshine, the technology could provide communities
with drinking water at low costs.

Jennifer Chu
October 8, 2024

MIT engineers have built a new desalination system that runs with
the rhythms of the sun.

The solar-powered system removes salt from water at a pace that
closely follows changes in solar energy. As sunlight increases
through the day, the system ramps up its desalting process and
automatically adjusts to any sudden variation in sunlight, for
example by dialing down in response to a passing cloud or revving
up as the skies clear.

Because the system can quickly react to subtle changes in
sunlight, it maximizes the utility of solar energy, producing
large quantities of clean water despite variations in sunlight
throughout the day. In contrast to other solar-driven
desalination designs, the MIT system requires no extra batteries
for energy storage, nor a supplemental power supply, such as from
the grid.

The engineers tested a community-scale prototype on groundwater
wells in New Mexico over six months, working in variable weather
conditions and water types. The system harnessed on average over
94 percent of the electrical energy generated from the system's
solar panels to produce up to 5,000 liters of water per day
despite large swings in weather and available sunlight.

"Conventional desalination technologies require steady power and
need battery storage to smooth out a variable power source like
solar. By continually varying power consumption in sync with the
sun, our technology directly and efficiently uses solar power to
make water," says Amos Winter, the Germeshausen Professor of
Mechanical Engineering and director of the K. Lisa Yang Global
Engineering and Research (GEAR) Center at MIT. "Being able to
make drinking water with renewables, without requiring battery
storage, is a massive grand challenge. And we've done it."

The system is geared toward desalinating brackish groundwater -- a
salty source of water that is found in underground reservoirs and
is more prevalent than fresh groundwater resources. The
researchers see brackish groundwater as a huge untapped source of
potential drinking water, particularly as reserves of fresh water
are stressed in parts of the world. They envision that the new
renewable, battery-free system could provide much-needed drinking
water at low costs, especially for inland communities where
access to seawater and grid power are limited.

"The majority of the population actually lives far enough from
the coast, that seawater desalination could never reach them.
They consequently rely heavily on groundwater, especially in
remote, low-income regions. And unfortunately, this groundwater
is becoming more and more saline due to climate change," says
Jonathan Bessette, MIT PhD student in mechanical engineering.
"This technology could bring sustainable, affordable clean water
to underreached places around the world."

The researchers report details the new system in a paper
appearing today in Nature Water. The study's co-authors are
Bessette, Winter, and staff engineer Shane Pratt.

Pump and flow

The new system builds on a previous design, which Winter and his
colleagues, including former MIT postdoc Wei He, reported earlier
this year. That system aimed to desalinate water through
"flexible batch electrodialysis."

Electrodialysis and reverse osmosis are two of the main methods
used to desalinate brackish groundwater. With reverse osmosis,
pressure is used to pump salty water through a membrane and
filter out salts. Electrodialysis uses an electric field to draw
out salt ions as water is pumped through a stack of ion-exchange
membranes.

Scientists have looked to power both methods with renewable
sources. But this has been especially challenging for reverse
osmosis systems, which traditionally run at a steady power level
that's incompatible with naturally variable energy sources such
as the sun.

Winter, He, and their colleagues focused on electrodialysis,
seeking ways to make a more flexible, "time-variant" system that
would be responsive to variations in renewable, solar power.

In their previous design, the team built an electrodialysis
system consisting of water pumps, an ion-exchange membrane stack,
and a solar panel array. The innovation in this system was a
model-based control system that used sensor readings from every
part of the system to predict the optimal rate at which to pump
water through the stack and the voltage that should be applied to
the stack to maximize the amount of salt drawn out of the water.

When the team tested this system in the field, it was able to
vary its water production with the sun's natural variations. On
average, the system directly used 77 percent of the available
electrical energy produced by the solar panels, which the team
estimated was 91 percent more than traditionally designed
solar-powered electrodialysis systems.

Still, the researchers felt they could do better.

"We could only calculate every three minutes, and in that time, a
cloud could literally come by and block the sun," Winter says.
"The system could be saying, 'I need to run at this high power.'
But some of that power has suddenly dropped because there's now
less sunlight. So, we had to make up that power with extra
batteries."

Solar commands

In their latest work, the researchers looked to eliminate the
need for batteries, by shaving the system's response time to a
fraction of a second. The new system is able to update its
desalination rate, three to five times per second. The faster
response time enables the system to adjust to changes in sunlight
throughout the day, without having to make up any lag in power
with additional power supplies.

The key to the nimbler desalting is a simpler control strategy,
devised by Bessette and Pratt. The new strategy is one of
"flow-commanded current control," in which the system first
senses the amount of solar power that is being produced by the
system's solar panels. If the panels are generating more power
than the system is using, the controller automatically "commands"
the system to dial up its pumping, pushing more water through the
electrodialysis stacks. Simultaneously, the system diverts some
of the additional solar power by increasing the electrical
current delivered to the stack, to drive more salt out of the
faster-flowing water.

"Let's say the sun is rising every few seconds," Winter explains.
"So, three times a second, we're looking at the solar panels and
saying, ‘Oh, we have more power - let's bump up our flow rate and
current a little bit.' When we look again and see there's still
more excess power, we'll up it again. As we do that, we're able
to closely match our consumed power with available solar power
really accurately, throughout the day. And the quicker we loop
this, the less battery buffering we need."

The engineers incorporated the new control strategy into a fully
automated system that they sized to desalinate brackish
groundwater at a daily volume that would be enough to supply a
small community of about 3,000 people. They operated the system
for six months on several wells at the Brackish Groundwater
National Desalination Research Facility in Alamogordo, New
Mexico. Throughout the trial, the prototype operated under a wide
range of solar conditions, harnessing over 94 percent of the
solar panel's electrical energy, on average, to directly power
desalination.

"Compared to how you would traditionally design a solar desal
system, we cut our required battery capacity by almost 100
percent," Winter says.

The engineers plan to further test and scale up the system in
hopes of supplying larger communities, and even whole
municipalities, with low-cost, fully sun-driven drinking water.

"While this is a major step forward, we're still working
diligently to continue developing lower cost, more sustainable
desalination methods," Bessette says.

"Our focus now is on testing, maximizing reliability, and
building out a product line that can provide desalinated water
using renewables to multiple markets around the world," Pratt
adds.

The team will be launching a company based on their technology in
the coming months.

This research was supported in part by the National Science
Foundation, the Julia Burke Foundation, and the MIT Morningside
Academy of Design. This work was additionally supported in-kind
by Veolia Water Technologies and Solutions and Xylem Goulds.

https://news.mit.edu/2024/solar-powered-desalination-system-requires-no-extra-batteries-1008

 

This is Shortwave Radiogram in MFSK64

Please send your reception report to radiogram@verizon.net
 

This week's images ...
 

The aurora borealis lights up the sky over a grain elevator in
Brant, Alberta, October 7. https://tinyurl.com/2defn2rm ...


Sending Pic:199x152C;









Camels at sunset in Ulan Butong Grassland, Inner Mongolia
autonomous region, China, September 27.
https://tinyurl.com/26zue4cw ...

Sending Pic:219x104C;











A store employee spray-paints a "We Are Open" announcement in
Kissimmee, Florida, October 8, ahead of the arrival of Hurricane
Milton. https://tinyurl.com/2annw7qr ...

Sending Pic:210x130C;








A spider web in a rice field in Kathmandu, Nepal.
https://tinyurl.com/2ytgqgfd ...

Sending Pic:329x218;










The moon moves across the sun during a solar eclipse, Tahai,
Chile, October 2. https://tinyurl.com/22lm35la ...

Sending Pic:199x152C;










An autumn display outside Saratoga Spa State Park, New York.
https://tinyurl.com/28ud366z ...

Sending Pic:207x137C;










Beauty Berry at the Tyler Arboretum in Media, Pennsylvania.
https://tinyurl.com/2766z5ll ...

Sending Pic:143x208C;










Our painting of the week is "Blue Enamel" by Susan Cairns.
https://tinyurl.com/297ou9fm ...

Sending Pic:193x192C;




 

Shortwave Radiogram returns to MFSK32 ...




 

RSID: <<2024-10-10T23:57Z MFSK-32 @ 9265000+1500>>
 

This is Shortwave Radiogram in MFSK32 ...


Shortwave Radiogram is transmitted by:

WRMI, Radio Miami International, wrmi.net

and

WINB Shortwave, winb.com


Please send reception reports to radiogram@verizon.net

And visit http://swradiogram.net

Twitter: @SWRadiogram or twitter.com/swradiogram

I'm Kim Elliott. Please join us for the next Shortwave
Radiogram.
 

Here is a timeline of "data transmission via BC shortwave":

2013-03-16 - 2017-06-17   VoA Radiogram  000-220  USA (Continuation under private management as SWRG)
2013-08-31 - until now    KBC Radiogram           NL  (without count, earliest note in my chronicle)
2016-03-23 - 2017-01-14   DIGI DX         01- 44  UK  (Among other things also *.mid transferred)
2016-06-17 - 2019-01-01   IBC DIGITAL    001-134  I   (my own count)
2017-06-25 - until now    SWRG           001-374  USA (and further ongoing)
2017-11-?? - 2018-12-23   BSR Radiogram   01- 44  USA (Broad Spectrum Radio)
2018-07-25 - 2019-04-06   SSR Radiogram   01- 33  NL  (Slow Scan Radio)
2019-02-21 - 2023-08-03   TIAMS          001-222  CAN (This Is A Music Show)
2020-02-15 - until now    RNEI            01- 50  UK  (and further ongoing)
2020-03-07 - 2023-08-06   TIAEMS 03/2020-07/2023  CAN (This Is An Express Music Show)
2021-11-28 - until now    Pop Shop Radio          CAN (first find of a playlist in a spectrogram scan)
2023-04-16 - until now    Radio Carpathia         ROM (first find of a playlist in edition #8)

   
Projects with digital playlists or content: