https://github.com/GyanD/codexffmpeg/releases/tag/2023-03-05-git-912ac82a3c

RSID: <<2024-10-17T23:31Z MFSK-32 @ 9265000+1500>>
 

Welcome to program 375 of Shortwave Radiogram.

I'm Kim Andrew Elliott in Arlington, Virginia USA.

Here is the lineup for today's program, in MFSK modes as noted:

  1:42 MFSK32: Program preview (now)
  2:55 MFSK32: Chickpeas may be key crop for future food security
  8:22 MFSK64: Mild habanero peppers: flavor without the heat*
13:21 MFSK64: This week's images*
27:28 MFSK32: Closing announcements

* with image(s)


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From Phys.org:

Chickpeas identified as key crop for future food security

by University of Vienna
October 16, 2024

The Viennese authors of the study. Left to right: Anke Bellaire
and Arindam Ghatak collected chickpea leaves from the field and
measured the physiological parameters. Credit: Wolfram Weckwerth

Climate change has a negative impact on food security. An
international research team led by Wolfram Weckwerth from the
University of Vienna has now conducted a study to investigate the
natural variation of different chickpea genotypes and their
resistance to drought stress. The scientists were able to show
that chickpeas are a drought-resistant legume plant with a high
protein content that can complement grain cultivation systems
even in urban areas.

The study is published in the Plant Biotechnology Journal.

Long periods of drought stress have become a reality in Central
Europe due to climate change, and pose a major threat to plant
productivity, harvests and therefore food security. At the same
time, there is a decline in the use of plant genetic diversity,
and the global food system has become more and more uniform.
While there are approximately 7,000 edible crops, two-thirds of
global food production is based on just nine crop species.

"This narrow genetic base can have several negative consequences,
such as increased susceptibility of plants to diseases and pests,
reduced resistance to factors such as drought and climate change,
and increased economic fragility," explains molecular biologist
Weckwerth.

"Maintaining adequate plant and genetic diversity is crucial for
agriculture, which must adapt to future changing conditions. With
our new study, we have taken an important step in this direction
and looked at the chickpea as an important food of the future."

The chickpea is currently not one of the plants mentioned above
on which the global diet is currently mainly based. Weckwerth's
international research team has researched the natural variations
of different chickpea genotypes and their resistance to drought
stress and achieved promising results.

The team managed to grow many different chickpea varieties under
drought stress in a field experiment in a Vienna city region,
demonstrating that chickpeas are a great alternative legume plant
with a high protein content that can complement grain farming
systems in urban areas.

"The different varieties and wild types show very different
mechanisms to deal with persistent drought stress. This natural
genetic variability is particularly important in order to
withstand climate change and ensure the survival of the plant,"
says Weckwerth.

"In our study, we used a stress susceptibility index (SSI) to
assess the effects of drought stress on yield. This allowed us to
identify genotypes that perform best and worst under stressful
conditions. Our findings are crucial for the selection of
genotypes for breeding drought-tolerant chickpeas," explains
Palak Chaturvedi from the University of Vienna, lead author of
the study. The team used artificial intelligence, multivariate
statistics and modeling to identify markers and mechanisms for
better resilience to drought stress.

"With their high protein content and their drought resistance,
legumes such as chickpeas are a food of the future. Another
advantage is that a higher proportion of legumes in a country's
agricultural systems improves the overall efficiency of nitrogen
use—this also makes agriculture more sustainable," says
Weckwerth.

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-chickpeas-key-crop-future-food.html

Shortwave Radiogram now changes to MFSK64 ...




RSID: <<2024-10-17T23:38Z MFSK-64 @ 9265000+1500>>
 

This is Shortwave Radiogram in MFSK64

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From Phys.org:

Mild habanero peppers offer flavor without the heat

by Sean Nealon, Oregon State University
October 16, 2024

Two mild habanero peppers known as "Notta Hotta" and "Mild Thing"
that retain the peppers' unique fruity and floral fragrances and
flavors but have lower heat levels are being released by Oregon
State University.

"We had chefs walking up to them and looking at them and saying,
'I know in my mind you've told me they're not hot, but physically
I'm preparing for intense heat when I taste these,'" said Jim
Myers, a vegetable breeder at Oregon State who spent the last 25
years developing the peppers.

"The chefs have done some very interesting things that I would
never have considered, like making a soda that's flavored with
these peppers. And I think there is other potential for
flavorings in both savory dishes and in dessert-type dishes."

Notta Hotta and Mild Thing have been cleared for release by
Oregon State University officials, who can now work with seed
supply companies interested in licensing the peppers. Myers
expects that next year the varieties will be available at farmers
markets, and that home gardeners will be able to grow them.

The story of Notta Hotta and Mild Things began in 2001 when Myers
received a mild habanero variety from Kevin Crosby, a fellow
vegetable breeder at Texas A&M University. That pepper was then
accidentally crossed during a pepper variety trial at Oregon
State. The resulting cross had desirable characteristics around
color, shape, pungency and time to ripen.

During the next two decades, between other projects such as
developing purple tomato varieties that have drawn widespread
attention, Myers continued to breed the pepper. He focused on low
heat pungency and early maturity while maintaining high levels of
aromatic and flavor compounds. Early maturity is important to
allow the peppers to be successfully grown in temperate climates
where habaneros typically struggle.

Those years of refinement led Myers to select Notta Hotta and
Mild Thing. The two varieties are quite similar but have some
slight variations.

Notta Hotta is more elongated and smoother and better adapted for
a range of climates. In fact, Myers believes it can be
successfully grown in much of the United States.

Mild Thing has a blockier shape, rougher texture and slightly
more intense flavor, Myers said. It is better suited for the
Pacific Northwest climate, he said.

Pepper pungency or heat is ranked on the Scoville scale.
Habaneros are typically between 100,000 to 350,000 on the scale.
But Notta Hotta and Mild Thing should be around 500 to 1,000.

During the development process, Myers worked closely with Lane
Selman, an assistant professor of practice at Oregon State. She
is also the founder of the Culinary Breeding Network, which is
dedicated to connecting farmers, chefs, plant breeders and
consumers.

Selman, who calls herself Myers' cheerleader, initially connected
Myers with a group of 25 chefs in 2011 for a mild habanero
tasting.

Since then, she has showcased Notta Hotta and Mild Thing at
several public events, including the Culinary Breeding Network
Variety Showcase in Portland earlier this month. At that event,
Myers was paired with Nikki Guerrero, owner of Portland-based Hot
Mama Salsa, who made a dish with the peppers. Guerrero also gets
credit for naming the peppers.

Selman and others she works with are excited about the peppers.

"They have floral, fruity and tropical kind of vibes," she said.
"They make you feel like you are at the beach, like you are
somewhere warmer when you taste these things."

She added, "I know because of the ripple effect of these events
that at least here in this community a lot of people will be
growing them and eating them."

The mild habaneros are the latest Oregon State discovery in food
and agriculture research. University researchers have previously
developed the maraschino cherry, marionberry and hop varieties
that help launch the craft beer industry.

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-mild-habanero-peppers-flavor.html
 

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This is Shortwave Radiogram in MFSK64

Please send your reception report to radiogram@verizon.net
 

This week's images ...


A pheasant in Bursa, Turkey, October 7.
https://tinyurl.com/2chlfm2r ...

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Comet C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan-ATLAS) over Mount Magazine State
Park, Logan County, Arkansas. https://tinyurl.com/22jvv4xt ...

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Canoes at Tyler State Park in Tyler, Texas.
https://tinyurl.com/22424yof ...

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Pumpkins, squashes and gourds at the Clarencetown Light sculpture
in front of the Oswald Visitor Center at the Minnesota Landscape
Arboretum. https://tinyurl.com/267sht8l ...

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Shortwave Radiogram listener and friend Ken Zichi provided this
photo of the aurora over central Michigan.

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The northern lights were seen as far south as Key Largo, Florida,
October 10. https://tinyurl.com/2d8vh7pf ...

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A Bullock's Oriole recently seen at San Francisco Botanical
Garden. https://tinyurl.com/279o9r53 ...

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Our painting of the week is "Autumn Series No. 7" (1998) by
Wilhelmina Barns-Graham (1912–2004), acrylic on paper.
https://tinyurl.com/2yymf2pz ...

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Shortwave Radiogram returns to MFSK32 ...



 

RSID: <<2024-10-17T23:57Z MFSK-32 @ 9265000+1500>>
 

This is Shortwave Radiogram in MFSK32 ...


Shortwave Radiogram is transmitted by:

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and

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Please send reception reports to radiogram@verizon.net

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Twitter: @SWRadiogram or twitter.com/swradiogram

I'm Kim Elliott. Please join us for the next Shortwave
Radiogram.
 

RSID: <<2024-10-17T23:58Z MFSK-32 @ 9265000+1500>>

Sending Pic:138x122C;

Here is a timeline of "data transmission via BC shortwave":

2013-03-16 - 2017-06-17   VoA Radiogram  000-220  USA (Continuation under private management as SWRG)
2013-08-31 - until now    KBC Radiogram           NL  (without count, earliest note in my chronicle)
2016-03-23 - 2017-01-14   DIGI DX         01- 44  UK  (Among other things also *.mid transferred)
2016-06-17 - 2019-01-01   IBC DIGITAL    001-134  I   (my own count)
2017-06-25 - until now    SWRG           001-374  USA (and further ongoing)
2017-11-?? - 2018-12-23   BSR Radiogram   01- 44  USA (Broad Spectrum Radio)
2018-07-25 - 2019-04-06   SSR Radiogram   01- 33  NL  (Slow Scan Radio)
2019-02-21 - 2023-08-03   TIAMS          001-222  CAN (This Is A Music Show)
2020-02-15 - until now    RNEI            01- 50  UK  (and further ongoing)
2020-03-07 - 2023-08-06   TIAEMS 03/2020-07/2023  CAN (This Is An Express Music Show)
2021-11-28 - until now    Pop Shop Radio          CAN (first find of a playlist in a spectrogram scan)
2023-04-16 - until now    Radio Carpathia         ROM (first find of a playlist in edition #8)

   
Projects with digital playlists or content: