http://www.rhci-online.net/radiogram/radiogram.htm

https://github.com/GyanD/codexffmpeg/releases/tag/2023-03-05-git-912ac82a3c

set MyFiles=*.flac *.fla *.wav *.aif *.mp4 *.mp3 *.mp2 *.aac *.ogg *.m4a
for %%a in (%MyFiles%) do ffmpeg -i "%%a" -y -lavfi showspectrumpic=s=1920x1080:color=fiery:gain=.7:fscale=lin:orientation=0:saturation=1:mode=combined:legend=enabled:start=0:stop=8000 "%%~na.jpg"

RSID: <<2025-02-07T00:31Z MFSK-32 @ 9265000+1500>>


Welcome to program 388 of Shortwave Radiogram.

I'm Kim Andrew Elliott in Arlington, Virginia USA.

Here is the lineup for today's program, in MFSK modes as noted:

  1:41 MFSK32: Program preview (now)
  2:49 MFSK32: New Shepard mission mimics moon's gravity
  5:21 MFSK64: DW report on sabotage on undersea cables
  9:53 MFSK64: Images of the week
28:21 MFSK32: Closing announcements

 

Please send reception reports to radiogram@verizon.net

And visit http://swradiogram.net

We're on swradiogram.bsky.social now

And X/Twitter: @SWRadiogram






From AP via Phys.org:


Jeff Bezos' Blue Origin mimics the moon's gravity for NASA
experiments during spaceflight

by Marcia Dunn
February 4, 2025

Jeff Bezos' rocket company gave NASA a brief taste of the moon's
gravity Tuesday, without straying too far from home.

Blue Origin launched the 29 lunar technology experiments to the
edge of space from West Texas. The company later confirmed that
roughly two minutes of artificial lunar gravity were achieved by
spinning the capsule 11 times a minute.

It was Blue Origin's first attempt at mimicking lunar gravity,
which is one-sixth that of Earth.

NASA said it wants to test equipment on short spaceflights to
weed out any problems before sending them to the moon. The
experiments—mainly sponsored by NASA—included ways to keep lunar
dust off future moonwalkers' spacesuits and tools.

Mimicking the moon's gravity on spaceflights can accelerate
research at much lower costs and future trips can "closely mirror
Mars and other solar system gravity environments," Blue Origin
CEO Dave Limp posted on X ahead of the flight.

The New Shepard rocket landed as planned following the late
morning liftoff. The capsule with the experiments parachuted back
to the desert to close out the 10-minute flight.

New Shepard alternates between flying passengers and experiments
on short space hops. Blue Origin's much bigger orbital rocket,
New Glenn, made its debut launch from Cape Canaveral, Florida,
last month.

https://phys.org/news/2025-02-jeff-bezos-blue-mimics-moon.html
 

Shortwave Radiogram now changes to MFSK64 ...
 

RSID: <<2025-02-07T00:35Z MFSK-64 @ 9265000+1500>>

This is Shortwave Radiogram in MFSK64.

Please send your reception report to radiogram@verizon.net

 

From Deutsche Welle:

How sabotage on undersea cables affects our digital world

Alexander Freund
February 3, 2025

Most of the world's data travels via ocean cables, which are
at risk of frequent sabotage. DW explains where they lie and
how they are protected.

A spate of sabotage attacks on underwater cables, allegedly
perpetrated by a Russian "shadow fleet," have shown global
telecommunications infrastructure is poorly protected against
deliberate acts of destruction.

--Different types of underwater cables

Some submarine cables transport high-voltage direct current
(HVDC), electrical energy, over long distances, such as between
islands or countries. These cables can also connect offshore wind
turbines with onshore sites.

Then there are telecommunications cables. They transmit about 95%
of global data traffic, including internet searches, online
shopping and phone calls — albeit with a slight signal delay, as
calling up a US website from Europe takes around 60 milliseconds.

In addition, some cables link data centers and large network
nodes, as well as those for military communication and research,
which are more protected than other cables.

--Satellites are not an alternative to underwater cables

Only a fraction of international communication goes via
satellites. Submarine cables can transmit much more data at a
lower cost.

Satellite connections are slower and more susceptible to
interference.

Nevertheless, the US and the EU are investing in satellite
technologies, such as Starlink and the IRIS (Infrastructure for
Resilience, Interconnectivity and Security by Satellite) program,
to create more secure, alternative communication channels.

--Where do underwater cables lie?

Worldwide, there are about 500 cable lines consisting of 1.4
million kilometers of cable. The cables are so long that they
could be wrapped around the equator 30 times. New cables are
added every year.

Most cable connections are located in the Atlantic between Europe
and North America and in the Pacific between the US and East
Asia. However, no complete global atlas shows the exact location
of every cable.

Platforms such as submarinecablemap.com or TeleGeography offer
maps, but without precise location information.

About 90% of data traffic between Europe and Asia runs via 14
cables off the Yemeni coast. In 2024, Houthi rebels attacked
three data lines with a hijacked freighter in the region.

--Who lays underwater cables?

In the past, telecom service providers, such as AT&T and China
Telecom, dominated the market and ownership of submarine cables.

Now, it's the big tech companies like Google, Microsoft, Meta and
Amazon investing heavily in submarine cables.

Google owns six active submarine cables and plans to build more.

Meta has a stake in 16 existing cables and plans to make its own
global network.

--How are underwater cables constructed?

Modern submarine cables consist of several layers of fiber optics
that use light pulses to transmit digital information.

They are surrounded by protective layers of steel wire or steel
armor, polyethylene and waterproof materials. These protect
against the extreme pressure and conditions of the deep sea and
ensure a lifespan of about 25 years.

Large submarine cables with a diameter of more than 20cm (7.87
inches) can weigh between 40-70 kilograms per meter (88-154
pounds/3.2 feet).

--How are underwater cables laid?

Geologists and engineers determine the best locations for cables,
considering obstacles such as trenches, ocean currents, fishing
areas and shipping routes.

In the North and Baltic Seas, around 1.6 million tons of dumped
ammunition from past wars also pose a significant challenge.

In deeper waters, up to about eight kilometers, the risk of
damage is lower. The cables are often laid directly on the seabed
by special cable-laying vessels.

The cable has to be taut during the laying process. If there is
too little tension, loops might form in the cable. However, if
the cable is too taut, it can make it float and break.

--How do underwater cables get damaged?

Trawl nets and anchors cause most damage to submarine cables. But
they are also damaged through deliberate acts of sabotage: Hybrid
warfare attacks have been known since the Cold War. As early as
1959, the Americans accused the Russians of deliberately damaging
an underwater cable with fishing nets.

Espionage is also a big problem, as submarine cables can be
tapped for data.

--How are underwater cables repaired?

Repairing submarine cables is complicated due to extreme
underwater pressure and unpredictable weather conditions.

Depending on the damage and depth of the cable, divers can repair
cables in dry chambers, or a cable repair ship can carefully lift
them to the surface.

On board, technicians replace damaged sections with new ones.
After extensive testing, the cable is carefully recessed and laid
again.

--How can underwater cables be protected?

Submarine cables are well protected against natural threats but
are often inadequately protected against deliberate damage by
hostile states, intelligence agencies or terrorists.

Underwater drones and acoustic sensor systems could help to
detect potential acts of sabotage at an early stage.

Some states are developing coordinated protection strategies,
with close cooperation between the states, submarine cable
operators and international organizations. Experts are calling
for a new legal framework at national and international levels,
especially in the event of war.

https://www.dw.com/en/how-sabotage-attacks-on-undersea-cables-affect-our-digital-stability/a-71494600
 

This is Shortwave Radiogram in MFSK64.

Please send your reception report to radiogram@verizon.net
 

This week's images ...


Lanterns to celebrate the Chinese New Year, on Tongqing Street in
Beijing, January 29. https://tinyurl.com/2343xluv ...

Sending Pic:140x198C;









Lighting at the Frank Lloyd Wright-designed Unity Temple (1908)
in Oak Park, Illinois. https://tinyurl.com/2872395q ...

Sending Pic:202x152C;



 

Four gray wolves crossing a snowy aspen grove in Yellowstone
National Park. https://tinyurl.com/24jzc2ra ...

Sending Pic:319x192;








Silhouette of a Eurasian blackbird against the fairground lights
in Münster, Germany. https://tinyurl.com/24jzc2ra ...

Sending Pic:199x145C;








A night-time view of St Magnus Cathedral in Orkney, Scotland.
https://tinyurl.com/22dz4hnf ...

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A mandarin duck in Balloch, Scotland.
https://tinyurl.com/22dz4hnf ...

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Winter night hikers in Boston. https://tinyurl.com/2bjcgnbx ...

Sending Pic:313x224;








The Boy Scout commemorative statue on the ellipse in Washington
DC, at sunset February 3. https://tinyurl.com/2ygezrxg ...

Sending Pic:151x201C;

Washington DC at sunset, February 3. https://tinyurl.com/275duh7d
...
Sending Pic:150x197C;




 

Sunset at Presque Isle State Park, Erie, Pennsylvania.
https://tinyurl.com/24ejboum ...

Sending Pic:154x196C;








Our art of the week is "Chicago Snow Storm" (1935), woodcut print
by Chicago artist Charles Turzak (1899-1986).
https://tinyurl.com/2y8dd3ca ...

Sending Pic:312x231;








Shortwave Radiogram returns to MFSK32 ...

 

RSID: <<2025-02-07T00:58Z MFSK-32 @ 9265000+1500>>

This is Shortwave Radiogram in MFSK32 ...


Transmission of Shortwave Radiogram is provided by:

WRMI, Radio Miami International, http://wrmi.net

and

WINB Shortwave, http://winb.com


Please send reception reports to radiogram@verizon.net

And visit http://swradiogram.net

http://swradiogram.bsky.social

X/Twitter (for now): @SWRadiogram

I'm Kim Elliott. Please join us for the next Shortwave
Radiogram.

 

RSID: <<2025-02-7T11:30Z MFSK-64 @ 15770000+1500>>
 

Hans van der Lubbe of De Dijk was born on February 8, 1952.




Sending Pic:192x240;






Website: https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_van_der_Lubbe

Please report your decode to themightykbc@gmail.com.
 

This week marks the 78th edition of the Hamcation, held at the Central Florida Fairgrounds and Expo Park in Orlando. In fact, during the weekend this DX Headlines is on the air, the event has already started.

The first time the Hamcation was held was in 1946. The event takes place from February 7 to 9, which is from next Friday to Sunday.

There is a lot to see, from forums and speakers to product introductions and the many stands that are there. And if you want you can even go for the FCC License Examinations.

Hamcation is one of the largest events of this kind world wide so if you are in the neighbourhood, it is surely worth a visit.
 

The image for this week is a futuristic fantasy ham radio transceiver as created by ChatGPT's GPT4.0.

https://x.com/Hamcation

https://www.hamcation.com/

Orlando Hamcation 2025 - A walk-through the show

https://youtu.be/-3yw6U3I5aY